• Abstract
  High-salinity wastewater, tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam xws li roj refining, chemical manufacturing, thiab desalination nroj tsuag, ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau ib puag ncig thiab kev lag luam vim nws txoj kev muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov ntsiab lus ntsev siab. Cov kev kho ib txwm siv, suav nrog evaporation thiab membrane filtration, feem ntau tawm tsam nrog lub zog tsis muaj zog lossis muaj kuab paug thib ob. Daim ntawv thov ntawm ion-membrane electrolysis ua ib txoj hauv kev tshiab los kho cov dej qab ntsev siab. Los ntawm leveraging electrochemical cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab xaiv ion-exchange daim nyias nyias, lub tshuab no muaj peev xwm daws tau ntsev, organic degradation, thiab dej purification. Cov txheej txheem ntawm ion-xaiv thauj, kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab kev ua kom muaj zog tau sib tham, nrog rau cov teeb meem xws li membrane fouling thiab corrosion. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb thiab kev nce qib tsis ntev los no qhia txog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ion-membrane electrolyzers hauv kev tswj dej khib nyiab.

• 1. Taw qhia*
  High-salinity wastewater, characterized by dissolved solids over 5,000 mg/L, yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas dej rov siv dua thiab xoom-kua tawm (ZLD) yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov kev kho mob ib txwm zoo li rov qab osmosis (RO) thiab thermal evaporation ntsej muag muaj kev txwv hauv kev tuav cov dej qab ntsev siab, ua rau cov nqi ua haujlwm siab thiab daim nyias nyias fouling. Ion-membrane electrolysis, Ameslikas tsim rau chlor-alkali ntau lawm, tau tshwm sim los ua ntau yam kev xaiv. Cov thev naus laus zis no siv cov ion-xaiv daim nyias nyias los cais thiab tswj cov ion tsiv teb tsaws thaum lub sij hawm electrolysis, ua kom muaj dej huv ib txhij thiab kev pab rov qab.

• 2. Txoj Cai ntawm Ion-Membrane Electrolysis*
  Lub ion-membrane electrolyzer muaj ib qho anode, cathode, thiab cation-exchange membrane los yog anion-exchange membrane. Thaum electrolysis:
• Cation-Exchange Membrane:Tso cai rau cations (piv txwv li, Na⁺, Ca²⁺) kom dhau thaum thaiv cov anions (Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻), coj ion tsiv teb tsaws mus rau lwm yam electrodes.
• Electrochemical Reactions:
• Anode:Oxidation ntawm chloride ions generates chlorine gas thiab hypochlorite, uas degrade organics thiab tshuaj tua kab mob hauv dej.
  2Cl → Cl2 + 2e⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻2Cl-→Cl2 +2e—
• Cathode:Kev txo cov dej ua rau cov roj hydrogen thiab hydroxide ions, txhim kho pH thiab txhawb cov nag lossis daus ntawm cov hlau ions.
  2H2O + 2e− → H2 + 2OH–2H₂O + 2e⁻ → H₂ + 2OH⁻2H2O+2e-→H2 +2OH—
• Ntsev cais:Lub membrane pab txhawb kev xaiv ion thauj, ua kom cov brine concentration thiab dej tshiab rov qab.

3. Daim ntawv thov hauv Kev Kho Cov Dej Ncua Siab-Salinity*
a.Salt Recovery thiab Brine Valorization
Ion-membrane systems tuaj yeem mloog cov brine ntws (xws li, los ntawm RO tsis lees paub) rau ntsev crystallization lossis sodium hydroxide ntau lawm. Piv txwv li, seawater desalination nroj tsuag tuaj yeem rov qab tau NaCl raws li cov khoom lag luam.

b.Organic Pollutant Degradation
Electrochemical oxidation ntawm lub anode rhuav tshem cov organic refractory ntawm cov oxidants muaj zog xws li ClO⁻ thiab HOCl. Kev tshawb fawb qhia 90% tshem tawm cov phenolic tebchaw hauv simulated HSW.

c.Hnyav Hlau Tshem Tawm
Alkaline tej yam kev mob ntawm cathode induce hydroxide nag lossis daus ntawm hlau (piv txwv li, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺), ua kom tiav> 95% kev tshem tawm efficiency.

d.Dej Purification
Pilot-scale sim ua kom pom cov dej tshiab rov qab ntau dua 80% nrog cov conductivity txo los ntawm 150,000 µS/cm txog <1,000 µS/cm.