Lub tshuab neutralization kho cov kua qaub ntxuav cov dej khib nyiab yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tshem cov kua qaub ntawm cov dej khib nyiab. Nws feem ntau neutralizes acidic tshuaj mus rau hauv cov khoom nruab nrab los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, yog li txo lawv cov kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig.

1. Neutralization txoj cai: Neutralization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm acid thiab alkali, ua ntsev thiab dej. Acid ntxuav cov dej khib nyiab feem ntau muaj cov kua qaub uas muaj zog xws li sulfuric acid thiab hydrochloric acid. Thaum kho, ib qho tsim nyog ntawm cov tshuaj alkaline (xws li sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, los yog txiv qaub) yuav tsum tau ntxiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov kua qaub no. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tus nqi pH ntawm cov dej khib nyiab yuav raug hloov mus rau qhov chaw nyab xeeb (feem ntau 6.5-8.5).

2. Kev xaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab: Cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab feem ntau muaj xws li sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), calcium hydroxide (lime), thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj tsis zoo no muaj qhov ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev lag luam. Sodium hydroxide reacts sai, tab sis yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob ua npuas dej ntau dhau thiab txaws; Calcium hydroxide reacts maj mam, tab sis tuaj yeem tsim ua ntej tom qab kev kho mob, uas yooj yim rau kev tshem tawm tom ntej.

3. Kev tswj cov txheej txheem neutralization: Thaum lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm cov txheej txheem, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los saib xyuas tus nqi pH ntawm cov dej khib nyiab hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tsim nyog acid-base ratio. Kev siv lub tshuab tswj tsis siv neeg tuaj yeem ua tiav cov koob tshuaj meej thiab zam cov xwm txheej ntau dhau lossis tsis txaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cua sov yuav raug tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab cov hlab ntsha uas tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab kom tsis txhob kub dhau.

4. Kev kho tom qab: Tom qab kev ua kom tsis zoo, cov dej khib nyiab tseem yuav muaj cov khib nyiab tshem tawm thiab cov hlau hnyav ions. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lwm txoj kev kho mob xws li sedimentation thiab pom yuav tsum tau ua ke kom tshem tawm cov pa phem ntxiv thiab xyuas kom cov dej ntws zoo raws li cov qauv ib puag ncig.

Los ntawm kev siv tshuab neutralization zoo, cov kua qaub ntxuav cov dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem kho tau zoo, txo nws qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig thiab txhawb kev txhim kho kev lag luam.